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P0500 vehicle speed sensor malfunction OBDII code

P0500 Vehicle speed sensor malfunction

What is p0500 OBD 2 code

P0500 is a common code which causes check engine light to glow in modern vehicles. The code P0500 means Vehicle Speed Sensor Malfunction. P0500 code can come due to many reason and an automotive service engineer or technician should troubleshoot and diagnose such condition and dig behind the reason for P0500 trouble code. Tools like scan tool and oscilloscope is used to diagnose and troubleshoot the code p0500.

p0500 vehicle speed sensor code

p0500 trouble code definition

The code p0500 is a common obdII code which shows  a defect or malfunction detected in the vehicle speed sensor circuit. This code is associated with other trouble codes like p0501, p0502, p0503 etc.

What does the trouble code p0500 mean

The trouble code p0500 indicates fault found with vehicle speed sensor. The speed sensor sends pulses according to the vehicle speed to vehicle ecu or pcm. When these pulses are not received to the vehicle computer or ecu, the ecu or pcm sets the code p0500 and glow the check engine light which tells the driver that something is in trouble and need to check the system.

Why p0500 code comes?

There are a few reasons which causes p0500 code

• Failed or defective vehicle speed sensor at drive gear
• Loose connections in electrical system
• Short circuit or open circuit in wiring harness
• Defective or malfunctioning speed sensor

Symptoms of code p0500 in vehicle

• The vehicle speedometer would not work
• This code would disable vehicle ABS and traction control systems.
• The check engine would come on
• Automatic transmission shifting could be affected due to code p0500 in the system.

P0335 error code Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit Malfunction

 P0335 malfunction code: Crankshaft position sensor A circuit malfunction

P0335 code definition

This code p0335 comes for gasoline engine when the vehicle computer or ecu unable to detect the crankshaft position sensor in first second of engine starting. The crank position sensor is the most important sensor in any vehicle. The crankshaft position sensor tells the crankshaft position to the vehicle computer or ecu. The ecu uses this information to time the spark and fuel injection pulses to corresponding engine cylinder. Without this sensor information the ecu would be unable to provide ignition and fuel delivery at correct time to the engine. So the engine wouldn't start. The other function of the crankshaft position sensor is to tell the ecu or pcm the engine rpm or engine speed. Also the same information is used as input to the taco meter or rpm meter to show the vehicle engine speed. Crankshaft position sensor information is provided to automatic transmission ecu also. The crankshaft position sensor is a stationary sensor which works on the reluctance principle. There is toothed wheel attached to the crankshaft which is rotated along the crankshaft. The crankshaft position sensor is located close to the toothed wheel. When the toothed wheel is passing through the crankshaft position sensor, it induces voltage in the crankshaft position sensor. This voltage signal is fed to the ecu which tells the ecu that tooth had been passed in front of crankshaft position sensor. Also there is a different patron of tooth which is telling the exact position of the sensor to the vehicle ecu. Through which the vehicle computer recognizes the exact cylinder top dead center location and timing. If there is any interruption in the signal, or circuit fault or in some cases the ecu fault, this signal is not recognized by ecu or pcm. Due to to this reason ecu sets the code p0335 crankshaft position sensor A circuit malfunction.

Crankshaft position sensor testing

Problem symptoms due to p0335

• Hard starting or in some vehicle no starting
• It will cause check engine light to come
• Engine dies if it happens during stat engine
• It could cause drive ability problem like misfire or rough idling.
• Hesitation or stalling of engine

Reasons for p0335 code

p0335 code can come in a car due to following few reasons

• faulty crankshaft position sensor
• defective ecu or pcm
• defective crankshaft position sensor wiring or connector
• faulty or defective reluctance ring
• damaged timing belt

How to troubleshoot p0335 code problem

Observation and basic tools could be used to check for code p0335 reason. With little attention and used of basic tool one can pin point the defect and can correct it. After correcting problem and clearing the code, the check engine would turn off and the vehicle would no longer give p0335 defect. Oscilloscope could be used to see the output wave form of the sensor. The waveform could be traced back to the ecu or pcm. This will give a very clear picture of the fault.

What is switch gear. Uses of switchgear. Types of switch gear

 

What is switch gear

Definition of switch gear

Switch gear is the equipment which is used to control, switch on and off and regulate electrical power in the electrical power system. Switch gear consists of fuses, switches, isolator, circuit breaker, relay, potential or voltage transformer, current transformer or CT, lightning arrester, power transformer, tape changer and control panels etc.

Switch gear is located normally in substation and generarating station in electrical system where electrical power is generated and distributed. Control is a must for electrical power for both electrical power requirement and protection. Switch gear is used to switch on a off power according to power requirements as well as for electrical system protection to isolate faulty circuit from the power system in case of failure and faults.

Switch gear is used on both high voltage and low voltage side of the supply system. It is used to energize and DE-energize the power system and equipment form the supply for power requirement, maintenance and isolation in case of any fault and system failure.

Typical switch gear system

Function and uses of switch gear

Consumer equipment is connected to the power system to draw electrical power to perform certain job. In normal conditions a specified amount of current is drawn by the electrical equipment in the system. When fault occurs in the electrical power system, abnormally high current flows through the system. This abnormally high current flow can damage the electrical system equipment like transformer, transmission lines, circuit breaker and power generator. Also this heavy current flow would interrupt the rest of the power system connected to that electrical system. To protect such electrical equipment in the power system like transformer, circuit breaker, generator bus bars and transmission lines from damage, automatic switch gear system is used which is equipped with protective relays and circuit breakers to isolate the circuit in case of any abnormality.

There are certain different relays are connected in the electrical system which are observing line condition all the time. They detects any abnormality on the transmission line. When the fault level exceeds a certain thresh hold level, these relays signals the circuit breaker to break or isolate the circuit. In this way they protects the system from abnormality.

When the fault occurs in the power system, heavy current flow through equipment due to which the equipment get damaged, and the service also get interrupted. So to protect the lines, generators, transformers and other electrical equipment from damage automatic protective devices or switchgear devices are required. In this way the automatic switch gear system isolates the faulty circuit from the healthy circuit or section. The healthy circuit or section continuously in operation and serve without interruption. In this way only faulty circuit is disconnected and no black out for the whole system.

Types of switch gear

There are many types and kinds of switch gear. Switch gear has two types or kind according to construction view point.

• Outdoor type switch gear
• Indoor type switch gear

The outdoor type switch gear is located in open are under the sky. Switch gear for above 66KV  are normally outdoor type. The reason behind this is for high voltage very high insulation is required. The insulation between conductor is normally air. So very big spacing is required between high voltage conductors. Such big spacing needs very large building construction. So in such a case it is more feasible to construct such a switch gear outdoor under the open sky.

Outdoor switch gear

Under 66KV electrical system there is no big issue of insulation and spacing between conductors. For such system indoor switch gear construction is not a big problem. Indoor switch gear units are enclosed in metal panels. They are compact in design. Due to such closed encloser the circuit safety is increased and is easy. Look after is easy for such systems and they are more durable due to weather proofing.

Indoor switch gear

What is inside a switchgear?

Switchgear consists of protection devices like circuit breaker, fusible links, switches, protection relays, bus bars and metering device and equipment for measurement purpose. Switchgear can be outdoor type or indoor type.

What are the different types of switchgear?

According to functionality there are three types of swithgears

• LV or low voltage switchgear
• MV or medium voltage switchgear
• HV or high voltage switchgear

What is a switchgear room?

In electrical control system the switchgear room is the control room that combines the circuit breaker, protection relays, fuses and switches to control electrical power.

What is difference between switchgear and circuit breaker?

Switchgear is a whole system of electrical protection system and control system. Whereas the circuit breaker is a part of switchgear which is used to connect and disconnect the electrical circuit. Circuit breaker works like a high voltage and high current fast switch.

What is HT and LT?

In electrical system HT means high tension and LT means low tension. HV and LV are also used terms for HT and LT. LT or LV is low voltage normally used in our houses and small industries. Whereas HT or HV is the high voltage normally used for transmission of electrical power between cities and countries.

What is MVSG?

MVSG is medium voltage switchgear. Medium voltage is commonly used in industry. Large industrial motors are running on MV which is normally 6KV. To control such power MVSG or medium voltage switch gear is used to switch on and off the system.

Toyota highlander 2021 review and pricing

 Toyota Highlander 2021

Toyota highlander is a sporty-looking xse executive class car which is affordable in its class and features.

Toyota highlander 2021 overview

Toyota highlander 2021 is the latest station wagon from Toyota. Toyota highlander is designed as a family car for executive class which is durable and reliable in its performance. This car comes in standard V6 engine and also the fuel economy hybrid design option is available for people who looks for economy journey. This is an all wheel or 4 wheel drive vehicle which has three row of seats. The last row of seats is designed for kids and younger adults. Toyota highlander is designed with extra feature of safety for driver and passenger.

Toyota highlander 2021

Pricing and models for toyota highlander 2021

Toyota highlander starts from $36K and is going up to $48K for different models and variants. The cheapest one is the L model which starts at $36K. Next is LE model which prices $38K. Toyota highlander hybrid model comes for $40K. XLE model is for $41K. XSE is for $42K. Limited is for $45K and finally the Platinum is for $48K.

Toyota highlander 2021

Toyota highlander 2021 common features

Toyota is always in struggle to provide excellent features in its new models. An average toyota highlander is equipped with heated front seats, sunroof and wireless charging pad for smart phone charging. toyota highlander is equipped with SRS and ABS braking system with anti skid system. It has improved audio stereo audio system with LED on dashboard which is used for rare view camera during reverse gear and also it is equipped with gps navigation system.

toyota highlander 2021 interior

Changan CS85 and CS95 review

Changan CS85 and CS95 cars Introduction and review

About changan cs85 and cs95 china made cars

Changan is a China based car manufacturing company who has assembling plants located in different areas of the world. They have recently established a manufacturing and assembling plant in Pakistan who started manufacturing different variants of changan cars including changan cs85 and changan cs95. Both are excellent cars from changan. The cs85 is a little old model compared to the newer cs95 model.

Changan cs85

Changan cs85 and cs95 car engine, transmission and power

cs85 is introduces especially for the Arab world and changan introduces features in cs85 according to the Arab world requirements. Changan cs85 had introduces with 2.0 Liter turbo gas engine with 8 speed automatic transmission. changan cs85 is capable of producing 360 N-m or maximum torque. Changan cs85 is know for its outclass look and glamorous standing in the world. Changan cs85 had introduces in many colors and in an amazing sports car look. Changan cs85 is introduced with star diamond headlights which is providing a dazzling lighting experince.

changan cs85 exterior look

Changan cs85 is shipped with Bluecore 2.0T engine and with Aisin 8AT automatic transmission which is making a perfect gear train and is providing excellent acceleration. The changan cs85 has introduced Bosh electronic braking system with provides soundless and perfect safe braking. changan CS85 has all electronic gear shifting which is providing an excellent gearshift with no jerking and smooth operation. Changan CS85 has latest gas type suspension which makes the driving fun and very comfortable in any road conditions.

Changan cs85 with 2.0T engine and 8 speed automatic transmission

Changan cs85 had made on the concept of a great latest car. changan cs85 provides excellence in both exterior and interior to make cs85 a symbol of pride. Changan cs85 have 48 suppliers world wide who are working hard to provide excellent service globally. Changan cs85 uses forest air purification system which ensures the supply of pure air all the time inside the car.

Changan CS85 and CS95 safety and security

Changan CS85 is provided with intelligent vehicle system which is Tencent TAI vehicle intelligent system which makes the cs85 very safe on road. In this system cameras and sensors are used in all directions of vehicle to make is safer on road. changan cs85 is provides with IACC integrated adaptive cruise control system which makes cs85 autopilot car.

changan cs85 with road safety feature

Hi Fi audio system Mission LX-4 MKII

 Hi Fi audio system for your bed room Mission LX-4 MKII

LX-4 MKII are best audio speakers in the market. They are capable to produce hi fi sound. They are mid range hi fi speakers.

Mission LX-4 Hi Fi audio system

Mission company have their recognition in audio equipment manufacturing. Mission is known for making affordable speakers and audio systems. LX-4 MKII are the smallest floor standing speakers form the Mission in LX series. Mission LX-4 MKII are 90cm tall speakers which provides excellent quality sound as they are engineered and fabricated in good quality. They have a solid build and they are constructed from best quality wood with special care to make them very robust and durable.

Mission LX-4 MKII hi fi sound speakers

Speakers used inside the unit are not conventional design but they have a special build quality which are producing hi fi loud sound with very small size.

Beautiful and durable Mission LX-4 MKII

These speakers are affordable and durable audio hi fi speakers which could produce professional quality hi fi audio with a matching amplifier. These speakers are designed to serve you for years with no maintenance and no big look after.