Is it possible to connect four Lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4 batteries in series to make a 12V battery

 Is it possible to connect four Lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4 batteries in series to make a 12V battery

To series four lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) cells (e.g., 3.2V 100Ah each) for a 12.8V (4S) pack, connect the negative terminal (−) of one cell to the positive terminal (+) of the next in a chain, creating a 4S (4-series) configuration. This configuration increases the total voltage to approx12.8V-13.2V while keeping the capacity at 100Ah.

 

Steps for Connecting 4S LiFePO4 Cells

1.      Top Balance Cells: Before connecting, charge all four cells in parallel to 3.65V (or 100% SoC) to ensure they have identical voltages. This prevents issues where one cell charges faster than others.

2.      Arrange Cells: Place the four cells side-by-side, alternating terminals (+, -, +, -, +, -, +, -).

3.      Connect in Series:

1.      Connect cell 1 positive (+) to cell 2 negative (−).

2.      Connect cell 2 positive (+) to cell 3 negative (−).

3.      Connect cell 3 positive (+) to cell 4 negative (−).

4.      Connect BMS: Connect the 4S Battery Management System (BMS) balancing wires to each cell terminal (B-, B1, B2, B3, B+) to monitor individual cell voltages.

5.      Final Output: The main pack negative is the free negative terminal of cell 1; the main pack positive is the free positive terminal of cell 4.

 

Key Considerations

·         Uniformity: Use cells with the same capacity, age, and manufacturer to prevent balancing issues.

·         BMS Requirement: A 4S BMS is mandatory to prevent overcharging or undercharging individual cells, which can destroy the pack.

Voltage: The nominal voltage of 4 cells in series is 3.2𝑉×4=12.8𝑉.

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